Differential male-female genetics- and hormone-based Ca 2+-homeostasis with effects on gender-related processes has been named Calcigender before.
This paper advances a third pillar, that hitherto has been almost completely ignored, namely the cellular Ca 2+-homeostasis system, more specifically its sex-specific differences. A second possible pillar is the still poorly understood cognitive memory system in which electrical phenomena and its association with the plasma membrane membrane-cytoskeletal complex of cells play a major role (learning, imitation and imprinting). A major question is why are there only two types of gametes (sperm- and egg cells), two types of sex steroids, (androgens and estrogens in vertebrates, and two types of ecdysteroids in insects), while the reproduction-related behaviour of the gamete producers displays a much greater variability than just two prominent forms, namely heterosexual males and heterosexual females? It indicates that in addition to a few sex-determining genes ( = the first pillar), other factors play a role. However, for our own species the Homo sapiens, they are not. Are sex and gender interchangeable terms? In classical biology, both are sometimes but not always used on an equal basis for some groups of animals.
